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Syllabus for EDL-550

 

COURSE DESCRIPTION

A large and growing body of case law relating to public schools continues to impact schools and educational practice. Educational leaders must know how the legal process deals with controversial issues, especially those related to schooling, that play a central role in our culture. Issues of equity, gender discrimination, providing for disabled students (IDEA), Title I and Title IX regulations, racial and ethnic discrimination, sexual harassment, First Amendment rights pertaining to freedom of expression and freedom of speech in student publications, objectionable instructional materials, religion in the schools, and Fourth Amendment rights pertaining to searches and seizures of student property will be addressed. Students focus on these and other problem areas that frequently result in litigation involving school districts, principals, and other educators as named parties. Students critically assess the impact of federal and state constitutions, statutes, and regulations on the operation of schools. They explore interactions among national, state, and local regulations and examine the impact of federal law and New Jersey state cases on the rights of students, parents, and public school employees. Of special importance, students learn about procedural due process considerations and the constitutional rights of personnel and students balanced against the duties of the school (ISLLC 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6; NJDOE 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6).

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COURSE OBJECTIVES

On successful completion of the course, you should be able to:

  1. Discuss the legal framework of education and its historical development.


  2. Explain the legal role of federal and state government in setting educational policy and operating the schools.


  3. Differentiate the role of church and state in the overview and operations of public and private education.


  4. Measure the impact of laws and court decisions on curriculum and instruction in the schools.


  5. Apply the concepts of laws and court decisions to student behavior and activity relative to their individual rights in speech and expression as well as the right to privacy.


  6. Employ laws and court decisions to support the appropriate positions of a school district in the areas of student discipline, due process, and protecting children.


  7. Examine the employment conditions of teachers and other school personnel with specific interest in certification, contracts, tenure, termination, and personal rights.


  8. Analyze the rights of teachers and other school personnel in order to ensure that any disciplinary action taken against them is fair and legal.


  9. Examine the potential problem associated with issues of liability for school staff individually and the school district in general when accused of neglect or malpractice.


  10. Evaluate local school district policies and procedures in their ability to address equity and diversity in education.

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COURSE MATERIALS

The following materials are required to do the work of the course. The required textbook is available from the College's textbook supplier, MBS Direct.


Required Textbook

Alexander, K., and Alexander M. D. (2012). American public school law (8th ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth, Cengage Learning. ISBN-13: 978-0-495-91049-7


Electronic Portfolio Registration
As a capstone experience in the Educational Leadership program, you will prepare an electronic portfolio that demonstrates your incremental achievement of the program standards. Each course in the program helps you to identify artifacts to place in your portfolio on completion of the course. To this end, you are required to purchase an electronic portfolio registration code upon your entry into the Master of Arts in Educational Leadership program. Basic directions for purchasing access to and using your electronic portfolio are posted within the Educational Leadership Students Organization (online community).

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COURSE STRUCTURE

School Law is a three-credit, graduate course, consisting of 11 lessons:

Lesson Lesson Title and Topics/Key Ideas
1 Legal System and the Schools

1.1    Public school law
1.2    Power and function of courts
1.3    American court system
1.4    History of public schools and American democracy

2 Education Governance—Federal and State

2.1    U.S. Constitution and education
2.2    Role of federal government
2.3    Individual rights in education
2.4    New Jersey Constitution
2.5    Governmental functions in education
2.6    Role of local boards of education

3 Public and Private Schools

3.1    Wall of separation
3.2    History of religious involvement in education
3.3    Public schools and religion
3.4    Church and state separation
3.5    Vouchers
3.6    Equal Access Act
3.7    Attendance in public schools

4 Instructional Programs and the Law

4.1    "Marketplace of ideas"
4.2    First Amendment issues
4.3    Curriculum issues
4.4    Student testing
4.5    Grading and academic concerns
4.6    No Child Left Behind

5 Students and the Law: Speech, Expression, and Privacy

5.1    Freedom of speech and expression
5.2    Student appearance
5.3    Student publications
5.4    Search and seizure
5.5    Internet and free speech

6 Students and the Law: Common Law, Due Process, and Statutory Protection

6.1    Common law and the student
6.2    Due process for students
6.3    Disciplinary actions
6.4    Sexual harassment
6.5    Child abuse

7 Teachers and the Law: Professional Rights of Teachers

7.1    Teacher certification
7.2    Contracts for staff
7.3    Teacher contracts
7.4    Termination
7.5    Rights of school staff
7.6    Speech issues
7.7    Right to privacy

8 Teachers and the Law: Due Process and Discrimination

8.1    Four aspects of due process
8.2    Due process for staff
8.3    Constitutional protection
8.4    Civil rights legislation and agencies
8.5    Discrimination
8.6    Diversity

9 Individuals with Disabilities

9.1    History of neglect
9.2    EAHCA
9.3    IDEA
9.4    Rights to public education
9.5    IEP
9.6    Placement

10 Staff and School District Liability

10.1    Definition of tort
10.2    Intentional interference
10.3    Student liability
10.4    Negligence
10.5    Deficiencies
10.6    Education malpractice

11 School Desegregation and Diversity

11.1    History of desegregation
11.2    Separate but equal
11.3    Brown v. Board of Education
11.4    Quotes
11.5    Unitariness
11.6    Equity in schools
11.7    Diversity in schools

Each lesson, in turn, comprises learning objectives, a study assignment, an online discussion on the class Discussion Board, and a writing assignment. You are also required to complete two court case reports and to submit a final paper or project.

For the course's 11 lessons, go to the Lessons area of the course Web site. For information about the court case reports and the final paper or project, see the discussions below or go to the Reports and Papers area of the course Web site. (See also the course Calendar.)

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ONLINE DISCUSSIONS

Each lesson in the course has an online class discussion forum. All discussion forums take place asynchronously on the class Discussion Board.

Online discussions provide an opportunity for you to interact with your classmates. During this aspect of the course, you respond to prompts that assist you in developing your ideas, you share those ideas with your classmates, and you comment on their posts. Discussion board interactions promote development of a community of learners, critical thinking, and exploratory learning.

Please participate in online discussions as you would in constructive face-to-face discussions. You are expected to post well-reasoned and thoughtful reflections for each item, making reference, as appropriate, to your readings. You are also expected to reply to your classmates' posts in a respectful, professional, and courteous manner. You may, of course, post questions asking for clarification or further elucidation on a topic.

Click link for an evaluation rubric.

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WRITING ASSIGNMENTS

Each lesson in the course concludes with a short writing assignment of about 500 words. The writing assignments require you to write well-reasoned and thoughtful papers on questions derived from the lesson objectives, making reference, as appropriate, to the readings and other sources of information. You are required to follow current APA style guidelines in formatting your work and for all references.

Click link for an evaluation rubric.

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COURT CASE REPORTS

During the semester, you will write two analyses of important court cases. One report should be based on a case covered in Lessons 1–5; the second report should be based on a case covered in Lessons 6–11.

In these reports you are expected to cite the case correctly and completely, identify the topic and issue(s) addressed, present the facts of the case, summarize the findings (of both the trial court and appellate court, if any), explain the reasoning behind the court's decision, and assess the implication of the decision for administrators. In preparing your report, please use the template provided (click link for a rich-text version) and the course text as the source for the court cases. Included here as well is a list of cases and page locations in the text from which you can select the two cases.

Click link for an evaluation rubric.

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FINAL PAPER OR PROJECT

The final paper or project constitutes another principal artifact for your portfolio and counts 25% toward your grade. Choose one of the following options:

  1. Paper option—The paper option takes the form of a traditional research paper on the subject of school law. In such a paper, you should follow accepted research approaches, citations (APA), and discussion processes. The product would be a well-organized report of 10–12 pages (2500–3000 words).


  2. Click link for an evaluation rubric.

  3. Project option—An alternative to the research paper would be a practical project, for example, the development of guidelines for student publications. Involved in this process would be an overall description of your role, an example of the work you developed or wrote, and other artifacts of your participation.


  4. Click link for an evaluation rubric.

Please note that by Lesson 7 you should have come to an agreement with your mentor about the topic of your paper or the subject of the project. You are required to follow current APA style guidelines in formatting and organizing your paper and for any citations.

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PORTFOLIO ARTIFACTS AND REFLECTIVE NARRATIVE

The principal artifacts for this course are the two court case reports and your final paper or project. Accompanying the artifact is a reflective narrative that describes the process and how the artifact meets specific standards and prepares you for school leadership.

Place your artifacts in the Artifacts area of your e-folio. You can also link your artifacts (designated as "Work") to ISLLC standards listed in the Resources area of the e-folio. Keep your work in "draft" or "ready for feedback" status for now.

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GRADING AND EVALUATION

Your grade in the course will be determined as follows:

Online discussions (11) 22%
Writing assignments (11) 33%
Court Case Reports (2) 20%
Final paper or project 25%

To receive credit for the course, you must earn a letter grade of C or higher on the weighted average of all assigned course work (e.g., writing assignments, discussion postings, court case reports, final paper or project, etc.). You will receive a score of 0 for any work not submitted. (Note: Graduate students must maintain a B average to remain in good academic standing.)

Letter grades and their numerical equivalents are as follows:

A = 93–100 C+ = 78–79
A– = 90–92 C = 73–77
B+ = 88–89 C– = 70–72
B = 83–87 D = 60–69
B– = 80–82 F = Below 60
   I = Incomplete (temporary grade); IF = below 60

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ACADEMIC INTEGRITY

Thomas Edison State College expects all of its students to approach their education with academic integrity—the pursuit of scholarly activity free from fraud and deception. All mentors and administrative staff members at the College insist on strict standards of academic honesty in all courses. Academic dishonesty undermines this objective. Academic dishonesty takes the following forms:

  • Cheating
  • Plagiarizing (including copying and pasting from the Internet without using quotation marks and without acknowledging sources)
  • Fabricating information or citations
  • Facilitating acts of dishonesty by others
  • Unauthorized access to examinations or the use of unauthorized materials during exam administration
  • Submitting the work of another person or work previously used without informing the mentor
  • Tampering with the academic work of other students

Academic dishonesty will result in disciplinary action and possible dismissal from the College. Students who submit papers that are found to be plagiarized will receive an F on the plagiarized assignment, may receive a grade of F for the course, and may face dismissal from the College.

A student who is charged with academic dishonesty will be given oral or written notice of the charge. If a mentor or College official believes the infraction is serious enough to warrant referral of the case to the academic dean, or if the mentor awards a final grade of F in the course because of the infraction, the student and the mentor will be afforded formal due process.

If a student is found cheating or using unauthorized materials on an examination, he or she will automatically receive a grade of F on that examination. Students who believe they have been falsely accused of academic dishonesty should seek redress through informal discussions with the mentor, through the office of the dean, or through an executive officer of Thomas Edison State College.


Plagiarism
Using someone else's work as your own is plagiarism. Although it may seem like simple dishonesty, plagiarism is against the law. Thomas Edison State College takes a strong stance against plagiarism, and students found to be plagiarizing will be severely penalized. If you copy phrases, sentences, paragraphs, or whole documents word-for-word—or if you paraphrase by changing a word here and there—without identifying the author, then you are plagiarizing. Please keep in mind that this type of identification applies to Internet sources as well as to print-based sources. Copying and pasting from the Internet, without using quotation marks and without acknowledging sources, constitutes plagiarism. (For information about how to cite Internet sources, see Graduate Online Student Handbook > Academic Standards > "Citing Sources.")

Accidentally copying the words and ideas of another writer does not excuse the charge of plagiarism. It is easy to jot down notes and ideas from many sources and then write your own paper without knowing which words are your own and which are someone else's. It is more difficult to keep track of each and every source. However, the conscientious writer who wishes to avoid plagiarizing never fails to keep careful track of sources.

Always be aware that if you write without acknowledging the sources of your ideas, you run the risk of being charged with plagiarism.

Clearly, plagiarism, no matter the degree of intent to deceive, defeats the purpose of education. If you plagiarize deliberately, you are not educating yourself, and you are wasting your time on courses meant to improve your skills. If you plagiarize through carelessness, you are deceiving yourself.

For examples of unintentional plagiarism and advice on when to quote and when to paraphrase, click the links provided below.

Examples of Unintentional Plagiarism

When to Quote and When to Paraphrase

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Syllabus Index

This document contains the following main sections:

Course Description

Course Objectives

Course Materials

Course Structure

Online Discussions

Writing Assignments

Court Case Reports

Final Paper or Project

Portfolio Artifact and Reflective Narrative

Grading and Evaluation

Academic Integrity


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